kratos 框架商城微服务实战之用户服务(一)

本文最后更新于:2 个月前

kratos 微服务框架商城实战之用户服务(一)

推荐看一下Kratos 官方文档 更加流畅观看此文章,本机器这里已经安装好了kratos、proto、wire、make 等所需的命令工具

准备工作

初始化项目目录

进入自己电脑中存放 Go 项目的目录,

新建 kratos-shop/service 目录并进入到新建的目录中,

执行 kratos new user 命令并进入 user 目录,

执行命令 kratos proto add api/user/v1/user.proto

这时你在 kratos-shop/service/user/api/user/v1 目录下会看到新的 user.proto 文件已经创建好了,
接下来执行 kratos proto server api/user/v1/user.proto -t internal/service 命令生成对应的 service 文件。

删除不需要的 proto 文件 rm -rf api/helloworld/

删除不需要的 service 文件 rm internal/service/greeter.go

完整的命令代码如下

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mkdir  -p kratos-shop/service
cd kratos-shop/service

kratos new user
cd user

kratos proto add api/user/v1/user.proto

kratos proto server api/user/v1/user.proto -t internal/service

rm -rf api/helloworld/

rm internal/service/greeter.go

修改 user.proto 文件,内容如下:

proto 基本的语法请自行学习,目前这里的只先提供了一个创建用户的 rpc 接口,后续会逐步添加其他 rpc 接口

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syntax = "proto3";
package user.v1;
option go_package = "user/api/user/v1;v1";

service User{
rpc CreateUser(CreateUserInfo) returns (UserInfoResponse); // 创建用户
}

// 创建用户所需字段
message CreateUserInfo{
string nickName = 1;
string password = 2;
string mobile = 3;
}

// 返回用户信息
message UserInfoResponse{
int64 id = 1;
string password = 2;
string mobile = 3;
string nickName = 4;
int64 birthday = 5;
string gender = 6;
int32 role = 7;
}

生成 user.proto 定义的接口信息

进入到 service/user 目录下,执行 make api 命令,这时可以看到 user/api/user/v1/ 目录下多出了 proto 创建的文件

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cd user

make api

# 目录结构如下:
├── api
│   └── user
│   └── v1
│   ├── user.pb.go
│   ├── user.proto
│   └── user_grpc.pb.go

修改配置文件

修改 user/configs/config.yaml 文件,代码如下:

具体链接 mysql、redis 的参数填写自己本机的,本项目用到的是 gorm 。trace 是以后要用到的链路追踪的参数,先定义了。

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server:
http:
addr: 0.0.0.0:8000
timeout: 1s
grpc:
addr: 0.0.0.0:50051
timeout: 1s
data:
database:
driver: mysql
source: root:root@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/shop_user?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local
redis:
addr: 127.0.0.1:6379
dial_timeout: 1s
read_timeout: 0.2s
write_timeout: 0.2s
trace:
endpoint: http://127.0.0.1:14268/api/traces

新建 user/configs/registry.yaml 文件,引入consul 服务,代码如下:

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# 这里引入了 consul 的服务注册与发现,先把配置加入进去
consul:
address: 127.0.0.1:8500
scheme: http

修改 user/internal/conf/conf.proto 配置文件

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# 文件底部新增 consul 和 trace 的配置信息
message Trace {
string endpoint = 1;
}

message Registry {
message Consul {
string address = 1;
string scheme = 2;
}
Consul consul = 1;
}

新生成 conf.pb.go 文件,执行 make config

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# `service/user` 目录下,执行命令
make config

安装 consul 服务工具

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# 这里使用的是 docker 工具进行创建的
docker run -d -p 8500:8500 -p 8300:8300 -p 8301:8301 -p 8302:8302 -p 8600:8600/udp consul consul agent -dev -client=0.0.0.0

# 浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1:8500/ui/dc1/services 测试是否安装成功

修改服务代码

修改 user/internal/data/ 目录下的文件

修改 user/internal/data/greeter.gouser.go 添加如下内容:

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package data

import (
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/log"
"github.com/go-redis/redis/extra/redisotel"
"github.com/go-redis/redis/v8"
"github.com/google/wire"
"gorm.io/driver/mysql"
"gorm.io/gorm"
"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
slog "log"
"os"
"time"
"user/internal/conf"
)

// ProviderSet is data providers.
var ProviderSet = wire.NewSet(NewData, NewDB, NewRedis, NewUserRepo)

type Data struct {
db *gorm.DB
rdb *redis.Client
}

// NewData .
func NewData(c *conf.Data, logger log.Logger, db *gorm.DB, rdb *redis.Client) (*Data, func(), error) {
cleanup := func() {
log.NewHelper(logger).Info("closing the data resources")
}
return &Data{db: db, rdb: rdb}, cleanup, nil
}

// NewDB .
func NewDB(c *conf.Data) *gorm.DB {
// 终端打印输入 sql 执行记录
newLogger := logger.New(
slog.New(os.Stdout, "\r\n", slog.LstdFlags), // io writer
logger.Config{
SlowThreshold: time.Second, // 慢查询 SQL 阈值
Colorful: true, // 禁用彩色打印
//IgnoreRecordNotFoundError: false,
LogLevel: logger.Info, // Log lever
},
)

db, err := gorm.Open(mysql.Open(c.Database.Source), &gorm.Config{
Logger: newLogger,
DisableForeignKeyConstraintWhenMigrating: true,
NamingStrategy: schema.NamingStrategy{
//SingularTable: true, // 表名是否加 s
},
})

if err != nil {
log.Errorf("failed opening connection to sqlite: %v", err)
panic("failed to connect database")
}

return db
}

func NewRedis(c *conf.Data) *redis.Client {
rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
Addr: c.Redis.Addr,
Password: c.Redis.Password,
DB: int(c.Redis.Db),
DialTimeout: c.Redis.DialTimeout.AsDuration(),
WriteTimeout: c.Redis.WriteTimeout.AsDuration(),
ReadTimeout: c.Redis.ReadTimeout.AsDuration(),
})
rdb.AddHook(redisotel.TracingHook{})
if err := rdb.Close(); err != nil {
log.Error(err)
}
return rdb
}

这里的 wire 概念如果不熟悉的话,请参看Wire 依赖注入

修改 user/internal/service/ 目录下的文件

修改或者删除 user/internal/service/greeter.gouser.go, 添加代码如下:

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package service

import (
"context"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/log"
v1 "user/api/user/v1"
"user/internal/biz"
)

type UserService struct {
v1.UnimplementedUserServer

uc *biz.UserUsecase
log *log.Helper
}

// NewUserService new a greeter service.
func NewUserService(uc *biz.UserUsecase, logger log.Logger) *UserService {
return &UserService{uc: uc, log: log.NewHelper(logger)}
}

// CreateUser create a user
func (u *UserService) CreateUser(ctx context.Context, req *v1.CreateUserInfo) (*v1.UserInfoResponse, error) {
user, err := u.uc.Create(ctx, &biz.User{
Mobile: req.Mobile,
Password: req.Password,
NickName: req.NickName,
})
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}

userInfoRsp := v1.UserInfoResponse{
Id: user.ID,
Mobile: user.Mobile,
Password: user.Password,
NickName: user.NickName,
Gender: user.Gender,
Role: int32(user.Role),
Birthday: user.Birthday,
}

return &userInfoRsp, nil
}

修改 ser/internal/service/service.go 文件, 代码如下:

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package service

import "github.com/google/wire"

// ProviderSet is service providers.
var ProviderSet = wire.NewSet(NewUserService)

修改或删除 user/internal/biz/greeter.gouser.go 添加如下内容:

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package biz

import (
"context"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/log"
)

// 定义返回数据结构体
type User struct {
ID int64
Mobile string
Password string
NickName string
Birthday int64
Gender string
Role int
}

type UserRepo interface {
CreateUser(context.Context, *User) (*User, error)
}

type UserUsecase struct {
repo UserRepo
log *log.Helper
}

func NewUserUsecase(repo UserRepo, logger log.Logger) *UserUsecase {
return &UserUsecase{repo: repo, log: log.NewHelper(logger)}
}

func (uc *UserUsecase) Create(ctx context.Context, u *User) (*User, error) {
return uc.repo.CreateUser(ctx, u)
}

修改 user/internal/biz/biz.go 文件,内容如下:

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package biz

import "github.com/google/wire"

// ProviderSet is biz providers.
var ProviderSet = wire.NewSet(NewUserUsecase)

修改或删除 user/internal/data/greeter.gouser.go 添加如下内容:

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package data

import (
"context"
"crypto/sha512"
"fmt"
"github.com/anaskhan96/go-password-encoder"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/log"
"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
"gorm.io/gorm"
"time"
"user/internal/biz"
)
// 定义数据表结构体
type User struct {
ID int64 `gorm:"primarykey"`
Mobile string `gorm:"index:idx_mobile;unique;type:varchar(11) comment '手机号码,用户唯一标识';not null"`
Password string `gorm:"type:varchar(100);not null "` // 用户密码的保存需要注意是否加密
NickName string `gorm:"type:varchar(25) comment '用户昵称'"`
Birthday *time.Time `gorm:"type:datetime comment '出生日日期'"`
Gender string `gorm:"column:gender;default:male;type:varchar(16) comment 'female:女,male:男'"`
Role int `gorm:"column:role;default:1;type:int comment '1:普通用户,2:管理员'"`
CreatedAt time.Time `gorm:"column:add_time"`
UpdatedAt time.Time `gorm:"column:update_time"`
DeletedAt gorm.DeletedAt
IsDeletedAt bool
}
type userRepo struct {
data *Data
log *log.Helper
}

// NewUserRepo . 这里需要注意,上面 data 文件 wire 注入的是此方法,方法名不要写错了
func NewUserRepo(data *Data, logger log.Logger) biz.UserRepo {
return &userRepo{
data: data,
log: log.NewHelper(logger),
}
}

// CreateUser .
func (r *userRepo) CreateUser(ctx context.Context, u *biz.User) (*biz.User, error) {
var user User
// 验证是否已经创建
result := r.data.db.Where(&biz.User{Mobile: u.Mobile}).First(&user)
if result.RowsAffected == 1 {
return nil, status.Errorf(codes.AlreadyExists, "用户已存在")
}

user.Mobile = u.Mobile
user.NickName = u.NickName
user.Password = encrypt(u.Password) // 密码加密
res := r.data.db.Create(&user)
if res.Error != nil {
return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, res.Error.Error())
}
return &biz.User{
ID: user.ID,
Mobile: user.Mobile,
Password: user.Password,
NickName: user.NickName,
Gender: user.Gender,
Role: user.Role,
}, nil
}

// Password encryption
func encrypt(psd string) string {
options := &password.Options{SaltLen: 16, Iterations: 10000, KeyLen: 32, HashFunction: sha512.New}
salt, encodedPwd := password.Encode(psd, options)
return fmt.Sprintf("$pbkdf2-sha512$%s$%s", salt, encodedPwd)
}

修改 user/internal/server/ 目录下的文件

这里用不到 http 服务删除 http.go 文件,修改 grpc.go 文件内容如下:

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 package server

import (
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/log"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/middleware/logging"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/middleware/recovery"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/transport/grpc"
v1 "user/api/user/v1"
"user/internal/conf"
"user/internal/service"
)

// NewGRPCServer new a gRPC server.
func NewGRPCServer(c *conf.Server, greeter *service.UserService, logger log.Logger) *grpc.Server {
var opts = []grpc.ServerOption{
grpc.Middleware(
recovery.Recovery(),
logging.Server(logger),
),
}
if c.Grpc.Network != "" {
opts = append(opts, grpc.Network(c.Grpc.Network))
}
if c.Grpc.Addr != "" {
opts = append(opts, grpc.Address(c.Grpc.Addr))
}
if c.Grpc.Timeout != nil {
opts = append(opts, grpc.Timeout(c.Grpc.Timeout.AsDuration()))
}
srv := grpc.NewServer(opts...)
v1.RegisterUserServer(srv, greeter)
return srv
}

修改 server.go 文件,这里加入了 consul 的服务,内容如下:

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package server

import (
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/registry"
"github.com/google/wire"
"user/internal/conf"

consul "github.com/go-kratos/kratos/contrib/registry/consul/v2"
consulAPI "github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
)

// ProviderSet is server providers.
var ProviderSet = wire.NewSet(NewGRPCServer, NewRegistrar)

// NewRegistrar 引入 consul
func NewRegistrar(conf *conf.Registry) registry.Registrar {
c := consulAPI.DefaultConfig()
c.Address = conf.Consul.Address
c.Scheme = conf.Consul.Scheme

cli, err := consulAPI.NewClient(c)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
r := consul.New(cli, consul.WithHealthCheck(false))
return r
}

修改启动程序

修改 user/cmd/wire.go文件

这里注入了 consul 需要的配置,需要添加进来

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func initApp(*conf.Server, *conf.Data, *conf.Registry, log.Logger) (*kratos.App, func(), error) {
panic(wire.Build(server.ProviderSet, data.ProviderSet, biz.ProviderSet, service.ProviderSet, newApp))
}

修改 user/cmd/user/main.go 文件

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package main

import (
"flag"
"os"

"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/config"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/config/file"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/log"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/middleware/tracing"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/registry"
"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/transport/grpc"
"user/internal/conf"
)

// go build -ldflags "-X main.Version=x.y.z"
var (
// Name is the name of the compiled software.
Name = "shop.users.service"
// Version is the version of the compiled software.
Version = "v1"
// flagconf is the config flag.
flagconf string

id, _ = os.Hostname()
)

func init() {
flag.StringVar(&flagconf, "conf", "../../configs", "config path, eg: -conf config.yaml")
}

func newApp(logger log.Logger, gs *grpc.Server, rr registry.Registrar) *kratos.App {
return kratos.New(
kratos.ID(id+"shop.user.service"),
kratos.Name(Name),
kratos.Version(Version),
kratos.Metadata(map[string]string{}),
kratos.Logger(logger),
kratos.Server(
gs,
),
kratos.Registrar(rr), // consul 的引入
)
}

func main() {
flag.Parse()
logger := log.With(log.NewStdLogger(os.Stdout),
"ts", log.DefaultTimestamp,
"caller", log.DefaultCaller,
"service.id", id,
"service.name", Name,
"service.version", Version,
"trace_id", tracing.TraceID(),
"span_id", tracing.SpanID(),
)
c := config.New(
config.WithSource(
file.NewSource(flagconf),
),
)
defer c.Close()

if err := c.Load(); err != nil {
panic(err)
}

var bc conf.Bootstrap
if err := c.Scan(&bc); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// consul 的引入
var rc conf.Registry
if err := c.Scan(&rc); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
app, cleanup, err := initApp(bc.Server, bc.Data, &rc, logger)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
defer cleanup()

// start and wait for stop signal
if err := app.Run(); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}

修改根目录 user/makefile 文件

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在 go generate ./... 下面添加代码

wire:
cd cmd/user/ && wire

根目录执行 make wire 命令

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# service/user
make wire

启动程序

别忘记根据 data 里面的 user struct 创建对应的数据库表,这里也可以写一个 gorm 创建表的文件进行创建。

启动程序 kratos run

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根目录 service/user 执行命令
kratos run

简单测试

由于没写对外访问的 http 服务,这里还没有加入单元测试,所以先创建个文件链接启动过的 grpc 服务简单测试一下。

根目录新建 user/test/user.go 文件,添加如下内容:

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package main

import (
"context"
"fmt"
"google.golang.org/grpc"
v1 "user/api/user/v1"
)

var userClient v1.UserClient
var conn *grpc.ClientConn

func main() {
Init()

TestCreateUser() // 创建用户

conn.Close()
}

// Init 初始化 grpc 链接 注意这里链接的 端口
func Init() {
var err error
conn, err = grpc.Dial("127.0.0.1:50051", grpc.WithInsecure())
if err != nil {
panic("grpc link err" + err.Error())
}
userClient = v1.NewUserClient(conn)
}

func TestCreateUser() {

rsp, err := userClient.CreateUser(context.Background(), &v1.CreateUserInfo{
Mobile: fmt.Sprintf("1388888888%d", 1),
Password: "admin123",
NickName: fmt.Sprintf("YWWW%d", 1),
})
if err != nil {
panic("grpc 创建用户失败" + err.Error())
}
fmt.Println(rsp.Id)
}

这里别忘记启动 kratos user 服务之后,再执行 test/user.go 文件,查询执行结果,是否有个 ID 输出查询自己的数据库,看看是否有插入的数据了。

源码已经上传到 GitHub 上了,下一篇开始逐步完善用户服务的接口,

参考

Go 工程化-依赖注入 https://go-kratos.dev/blog/go-project-wire

Project Layout 最佳实践 https://go-kratos.dev/blog/go-layout-operation-process
感谢您的耐心阅读,动动手指点个 star 吧。

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